CRH2 Of China
The CRH2 is one of the high-speed train models in China. Originally, the CRH2 was a modified E2-1000 Series Shinkansen
design from Japan, and represents the second Shinkansen train model to be exported, the other being the 700T series for
Taiwan High Speed Rail.
In 2004, the Ministry of Railway in China purchased an initial 60 sets of the train from Kawasaki Heavy Industries with
a maximum speed of 250 km/h. However, the newer versions of the CRH2 are not related to the E2-1000 Series despite having
the same exterior. The vice-chief engineer at CSR Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock stated that the newer CRH2 trains are
their design with all of the main engineering components produced in their company.
In fact, according to Kawasaki Heavy Industries, they confirmed that they are no longer working with CSR Sifang Locomotive
and Rolling Stock and the last deal struck with Sifang was in 2004 for the production of 60 modified E2-1000 Series.
At the time of the sixth national railway speed-up, at least 37 CRH2A sets had been delivered by Kawasaki and Sifang.
In 2008, all 60 CRH2A sets had been delivered by Kawasaki. The post-2008 production model of the CRH2 are designed and
made solely by Sifang with a maximum safe operation speed of 350 km/h.
THSR – Taiwan
Taiwan High Speed Rail is a high-speed rail line that runs along the west coast of Taiwan. It is approximately
345 km (214 mi) long and runs from Taipei to Kaohsiung. Construction was managed by a private company, Taiwan High Speed
Rail Corporation (THSRC), which also operates the line. The project had a total cost of US$18 billion[1] and was one of the
world’s largest privately-funded rail construction schemes.For most of its length, THSR runs on viaducts or in tunnels.
THSR’s technology is based mainly on Japan’s Shinkansen system, mixed with European standards and system components.
The THSR 700T train series is a variant of the 700 Series Shinkansen and was built by a consortium of Japanese rolling
stock manufacturers.
The Taiwan High Speed Rail is roughly 335.50 kms and runs along the west coast of Taiwan. It runs to Kaohsiung city
from Taipei City and is said to have started its operation on January 5, 2007.
Tickets are more expensive than on normal trains or express buses, but cheaper than on airplanes. Most intermediate
stations are outside the cities served, with rapid transit connections constructed only after the opening of the line.
Ridership missed forecasts, but grew from under 40,000 passengers a day in the first few months to over a 100,000 passengers
a day in 2010. THSR took away passengers from airlines on parallel routes almost completely, and also impacted road traffic.
KTX – Korea
Korea Train eXpress (KTX) is South Korea’s high-speed rail system, operated by Korail. Construction began on the first
section of the high-speed line from Seoul to Busan in 1992. The project was later split into two phases, and combined with
conventional line upgrades, adding a second route from Seoul to Mokpo. The system’s technology is largely based on the
French TGV/LGV system, but domestic development on the basis of the transferred technology began early. The first phase of
the project was completed and KTX services were launched on April 1, 2004. After missing forecasts and running deficits in
the first year, KTX increased ridership and market share, transporting more than 100,000 passengers daily and making a
profit for Korail since 2007.
The second phase of the Seoul–Busan project was completed and entered service on November 1, 2010, with two sections across
urban areas remaining for completion until 2014. Construction of a second high-speed line, to replace the conventional
line to Mokpo, begun in December 2009, intended for service from 2014. Other new lines and upgraded conventional lines are
in various stages of construction or planning.
Sanyo Shinkansen – Japan
The Sanyo Shinkansen is a line of the Japanese Shinkansen high-speed rail network, connecting Shin-osaka in Osaka with
Hakata Station in Fukuoka, the two largest cities in western Japan. In Fiscal Year 2005, the Sanyo Shinkansen line ridership
was 58 million passengers/year, or about 159,000 daily.A network of super fast trains connects Honshu in Japan with other
major cities. It also connects Fukuoka on the island of Kyushu and Tokyo. The super fast trains of Japan are known as
shinkansen. These trains of bullet types are run by Japan Railways.
Ave – Spain
Alta Velocidad Española (AVE) is a service of high-speed trains operating at speeds of up to 300 km/h (186 mph) on
dedicated track in Spain. The name is literally translated from Spanish as “Spanish High Speed”, but also a play on the
word ave, meaning “bird”.
Unlike the rest of the Spanish broad-gauge network, the AVE uses standard gauge, permitting direct connections outside
Spain in the future. All AVE trains are currently operated by RENFE, the Spanish state railway company, although private
companies may be allowed to run lines in the future. Some TGV-derived trains do run on the broad-gauge network at slower
speeds, and these are branded separately as Euromed.
AVE services slow down to 200 km/h for the Sierra Morena section of the journey, because of the tight curves, and 250 km/h
for the Cordoba-Seville section, possibly on account of medium-speed services running on the line, meaning that they have
an easy means of recovering lost time if held up earlier in the journey.
Eurostar – UK
Eurostar is a high-speed passenger rail service connecting London with Paris and Brussels. All its trains traverse the
Channel Tunnel between Britain and France, owned and operated separately by Eurotunnel.The London terminal is St Pancras,
with calling points at Ebbsfleet International and Ashford International in Kent. Calling points in France are
Calais-Fréthun and Lille-Europe, with the main Paris terminus at Gare du Nord. Trains to Belgium terminate at Midi/Zuid
station in Brussels. In addition, there are limited services from London to Disneyland Paris at Marne-la-Vallée – Chessy,
and to seasonal destinations in southern France.
The service is operated by eighteen-coach Class 373/1 trains which run at up to 300 kilometres per hour (186 mph) on a
network of high-speed lines. The LGV Nord line in France opened before Eurostar services began in 1994, and newer lines
enabling faster journeys were added later—HSL 1 in Belgium and High Speed 1 in southern England. The French and Belgian
parts of the network are shared with Paris–Brussels Thalys services and other TGV trains. In the United Kingdom the
two-stage Channel Tunnel Rail Link project was completed on 14 November 2007 and renamed High Speed 1, when the London
terminus of Eurostar transferred from Waterloo International to St Pancras International.
TGV- France
The TGV is France’s high-speed rail service, currently operated by SNCF Voyages, the long-distance rail branch of SNCF,
the French national rail operator. It was developed during the 1970s by GEC-Alsthom (now Alstom) and SNCF.
Although originally designed to be powered by gas turbines, the TGV prototypes evolved into electric trains with the
petrol crisis of 1973. Following the inaugural TGV service between Paris and Lyon in 1981, the TGV network, centred on
Paris, has expanded to connect cities across France and in adjacent countries. A TGV test train driven by Eric Pieczak set
the record for the fastest wheeled train, reaching 574.8 km/h (357.2 mph) on 3 April 2007. A TGV service previously held
the record for the fastest scheduled rail journey with a start to stop average speed of 279.4 km/h (173.6 mph),
which was surpassed by the Chinese CRH service Harmony express on the Wuhan–Guangzhou High-Speed Railway in 2009.
The success of the first line led to an expansion of the network, with new lines built in the south, west, north and east
of the country. Eager to emulate the success of the French network, neighbouring countries such as Belgium, Italy, Spain
and Germany built their own high-speed lines.
In 2007, SNCF generated profits of €1.1 billion driven largely by higher margins on the TGV network.
JR–Maglev – Japan
JR-Maglev is a magnetic levitation train system developed by the Central Japan Railway Company and Railway Technical
Research Institute (association of Japan Railways Group). JR-Maglev MLX01 (X means experimental) is one of the latest
designs of a series of Maglev trains in development in Japan since the 1970s. It is composed of a maximum five cars to
run on the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line. On December 2, 2003, a three-car train reached a maximum speed of 581 km/h (361 mph)
(world speed record for railed vehicles) in a manned vehicle run.
Magnetic levitation trains use a levitation system, a guide system, and a driving system.The JR-Maglev uses an
Electro-dynamic Suspension (EDS) system. Moving magnetic fields create a reactive force in a conductor because of the
magnetic field induction effect. This force holds up the train. The maglev-trains have superconducting magnetic coils,
and the guide ways contain levitation coils.
Transrapid – Germany
Transrapid is a German high-speed monorail train using magnetic levitation. Based on a patent from 1934, planning of the
Transrapid system started in 1969. The test facility for the system in Emsland, Germany was completed in 1987. In 1991,
the technical readiness for application was approved by the Deutsche Bundesbahn in cooperation with renowned universities.
Its current application-ready version, the Transrapid 09, has been designed for 500 km/h cruising speed and allows
acceleration.
In 2004, the first commercial implementation was completed. The Shanghai Maglev Train connects the rapid transit
network 30.5 km (19.0 mi) to the Shanghai Pudong International Airport. The Transrapid system has not yet been deployed
on a long-distance intercity line.
MLU001 – Japan
The MLU001 was a Japanese Maglev Train which ran at a speed of 248.9 mph (400.4 km/h) in 1987. This marked the way for
other super fast trains that made its appearance in the 1990’s and 2000’s.
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